Abstract
This research consists of both theoretical and experimental sections presenting a novel scenario for the consumption of hydrogen in the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In the theory section, a new correction factor called parameter δ is used for the calculation of fuel utilization by introducing concepts of “useful water” and “non-useful water”. The term of “useful water” refers to the state that consumed hydrogen leads to the production of liquid water and external electric current. In the experimental section, the effect of the relative humidity of the cathode side on the performance and power density is investigated by calculating the parameter δ and the modified fuel utilization at 50% and 80% relative humidity. Based on the experimental results, the maximum power density obtained at 50% and 80% relative humidity of the cathode side is about 645 mW/cm2 and 700 mW/cm2, respectively. On the other hand, the maximum value of parameter δ for a value of 50% relative humidity in the cathode side is about 0.88, while for 80% relative humidity it is about 0.72. This means that the modified fuel utilization for 50% relative humidity has a higher value than that for 80%, which is not aligned with previous literature. Therefore, it is necessary to find an optimal range for the relative humidity of the cathode side to achieve the best cell performance in terms of the power generation and fuel consumption as increasing the relative humidity of the cathode itself cannot produce the best result.
Highlights
Hydrogen as a fuel obtained through renewable and non-renewable energy sources can provide reliable solutions to the energy problem and environmental aspects caused by fossil fuels
While at 80% relative humidity, when the Inhumidity this work, which contains both theoretical and experimental analysis, a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was studied in produced current density attains about 2500 mA/cm2, the value of the parameter δ is still equal to 0.7
A new scenario was presented providing. This means that despite the relative humidity of the cathode side being able to increase both produced a detailed discussion of power the various paths thatfuel hydrogen gotime, through in a in and current density and generation of the cell, at thecan same as shown
Summary
Hydrogen as a fuel obtained through renewable and non-renewable energy sources can provide reliable solutions to the energy problem and environmental aspects caused by fossil fuels. Muirhead et al [16] investigated the effects of the relative humidity on liquid water accumulation and mass transport resistance at high current densities in PEMFC Based on their results, high relative humidity leads to higher concentration polarization losses. Baghban et al [17] calculated the fuel utilization factor of the PEMFC through a transfer phenomenon; the effect of inlet pressure and mass flow rate of input hydrogen on the fuel utilization factor was studied via modeling The results of their modeling indicated that increasing pressure is associated with a significant increase in fuel utilization. Of the cathode side on the generated power density was experimentally investigated
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