INVESTIGATION OF THE FAT FRACTION ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF THE WASTE FROM PRODUCTION OF HYDROGENATED FAT BY THE LIPASE RHIZOPUS JAPONICUS

I Kovalenko,G Krusir,T Shpyrko,V Skliar,V Zakharchuk

doi:10.15673/fst.v13i1.1332

I Kovalenko, G Krusir + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.15673/fst.v13i1.1332

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Abstract

. In the article the conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis of fat fraction of waste from production of hydrogenated fat by the lipase Rhizopus japonicus are considered, namely, the influence of pH of the medium (pH-optimum, pH-stability) and temperature (thermal optimum, thermal stability). The scope of applications of lipases in various branches of the national economy, including for utilization of numerous fatty waste and by-products of oil and fat industry, is disclosed. The main reasons of biotechnological potential of microbial lipases are considered. Objects of research were the lipase Rhizopus japonicus and waste from the demetallization stage of the hydrogenated fat production. Detected, that the optimum pH value for Rhizopus japonicus lipase is 7.0, reducing the pH of the medium from the optimum to pH 6.0 is accompanied by a decrease in activity by 30%, and an increase from 7.0 to 9.0 – decrease by 20%. The maximum activity of the enzyme is observed in the region of physiological values of the temperature. It has been established that the lipase optimal temperature is 40°C. The results of the Rhizopus japonicus lipase stability study showed that incubation of the enzyme at pH 2.5 resulted in a complete loss of lipolytic activity after 30 minutes, and at alkaline pH, the enzyme was more stable. Incubation of lipase Rhizopus japonicus for 30 min at pH 9.0 leads to loss of lipolytic activity by 25% of the maximum, and total loss of activity occurs after 2.5 h. The study of pH-stability of Rhizopus japonicus lipase at an optimal pH of 7 showed that after 60 min of incubation, the enzyme lost 15% of the lipolitical activity, and after 60 min – 50%. Complete loss of Rhizopus japonicus lipase activity at pH 7.0 takes place after 150 minutes of incubation. The results of the study of thermal stability of lipase showed that at a temperature of 40°C and 60°C, the lipase activity remained rather stable for 50 minutes and completely lost after 150 minutes of incubation. At 80°C and 100°C, lipase activity was lost after 40 minutes and 50 minutes of incubation, respectively. The results of the study indicate the prospect of enzymatic hydrolysis of fat fraction of waste by Rhizopus japonicus lipase. The results obtained should be used to improve the processing technology of waste oil and fat industry food and processing industries.

Highlights

Formulation of the problemFat and products of hydrolysis of fats are valuable raw materials for food and processing, as well as other industries such as rubber, paint, cosmetic and others
The experimental results obtained from the study indicate the prospect of fermentolysis by the lipase Rhizopus japonicas of fat fraction of waste generated during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils
The conditions for productive hydrolysis of waste are: the weight ratio of lipase: substrate 1:50 [18], the medium temperature of 40°С, the pH of the reaction mixture 7.0, the reduction of pH from optimal to pH 6.0 is accompanied by a decrease in activity by 30%, and an increase from 7.0 to 9.0 units. pH – a decrease of 20%, japonicus was determined at an optimum value of pH activity (7.0) and a temperature of 10–100°C

Summary

Introduction

Formulation of the problemFat and products of hydrolysis of fats are valuable raw materials for food and processing, as well as other industries such as rubber, paint, cosmetic and others. The search for biotechnological methods of hydrolysis of the fat fraction of the waste oils of the oil and fat industry is an urgent task [1,2,3,4,5]. Every year in Ukraine, in the process of production of oil and fat products at various stages, numerous fatty waste and by-products are formed. The process of hydration of vegetable oils in oil and fat production is accompanied by the formation of large-scale waste, the main of which is the spent sorbent from the stage of extra bleaching and spent catalyst, the fat content of which can reach 50%. For 1 ton of commodity product (hydrogenated fat) 1.4–2.0 kg of spent sorbent and 0.4–0.5 kg of spent catalyst are formed [6,7]

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