Investigation of the effects of various parameters on the natural convection of nanofluids in various cavities exposed to magnetic fields: a comprehensive review

Abstract

In this paper, a comprehensive review has been carried out on the natural convective heat transfer inside various cavities containing nanofluid affected by the magnetic field (M.F). First, an introduction has been presented on the nanofluids and their applications, and then the magnetic nanofluids and the numerical studies on them have been finally evaluated. Nanofluid numerical studies under the effect of the M.F are modeled in two states: single-phase (S.P) and two-phase. A S.P model is assumed without any slipping between the fluid and nanoparticles. But in the two-phase model, the particle slip and motion of the particles are considered. In fact, in this study, the classification of papers with a common geometry and effective parameters on the nanofluid exposed to the free convection and M.F effects of has been studied. According to the results obtained by the researchers, it can be concluded that the rate of heat transfer decreases by enhancing the M.F and reducing the volumetric fraction of the nanoparticle and reducing the buoyancy force.