Abstract
In this study, it is aimed to investigate the effects of Moringa oleifera and Sorbus domestica plant extracts on bacterial disease agents Yersinia ruckeri in aquaculture. Morphological and biochemical properties of 2 different Y. ruckeri isolates were determined. Then, Real-Time PCR analysis and gene sequencing of the isolates were identified. Phytochemicals (M. oleifera and S. domestica) and antibiotics (Oxytetracycline (OX) and Enrofloxacin (ENR)) were used together in the antibiogram test of antibiotics compared to the effect status of antibiotics. Also, the effects of phytochemicals on Y. ruckeri growth was examined comparatively by spectrophotometrically measuring at 600 nm wavelength every 2 hours according to bacterial growth densities with 10 different groups formed on TSB medium. As a result of the study, it was observed that the isolates formed Gram negative, catalase positive, oxidase negative, mobile and typical Y. ruckeri colonies. After the biochemical tests performed with Microgen ID panel, 99.85% similarity was determined. The isolates overlap with the 16S rRNA gene region after sequence analysis, and 99% of the isolates were similar in phylogenetic analysis. After the antibiogram test, Oxytetracycline and Enrofloxacin antibiotics were resistant to Y. ruckeri but the effects of phytochemicals were less on solid medium (MHA). As a result of the measurements carried out in liquid medium (TSB), it was observed that phytochemicals such as M. oliefera and S. domestica inhibit the growth of bacteria by 40-50%. As the importance of antibiotic resistance is increasing day by day, we believe that these phytochemicals will give positive results in treatment instead of using antibiotics.
Highlights
Seafood is an important food source with high protein value and necessary for healthy and balanced nutrition
Blood agar (BA) medium was carried out planting and hemolytic properties of the developing bacteria were determined (Figure 1)
In a limited number of studies conducted to determine the possibilities of using plants and active substances in aquaculture, it was reported that plant extracts added to food and water improved feed consumption, feed utilization, growth and carcass quality (Şimşek et al, 2005; Immanuel et al, 2009)
Summary
Seafood is an important food source with high protein value and necessary for healthy and balanced nutrition. It constitutes 17% of the animal protein consumed worldwide. In addition to water quality, appropriate environmental conditions, feed supply, marketing and labor problems. Effects of phytochemicals on Yersinia ruckeri and antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture, the most important problem that causes economic losses in aquaculture in freshwater and seas is the existence of various diseases (Timur and Timur, 2003). Economic losses caused by fish diseases and infections are of great importance for the development of the fisheries sector (Pilarski et al, 2008; Ergönül et al, 2012)
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