Investigation of the Effectiveness of the ADA Prediabetes Risk Test in Identifying Prediabetic Turkish Patients and Determination of the Frequency of Retinopathy in Prediabetic Patients

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Aim: In this study, the Turkish version of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) prediabetes risk test and the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were administered to patients to determine the rate of prediabetic patients in our geographical region and investigate its consistency with the ADA risk test. In addition, the presence of retinopathy in prediabetic patients was examined.
 Material and Method: 
 The study included a total of 342 patients with a fasting plasma glucose value of 100-125 mg/dl. The 75-g OGTT test was performed on the patients. The ADA prediabetes risk test was also administered, and the scores were noted. The OGTT and risk test results were compared. According to the ADA prediabetes risk test, the patients were classified into those at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and those diagnosed with prediabetes. In the evaluation of retinopathy, visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, and anterior segment and fundus examinations were performed in each patient. The data of the patients were compared with statistical analysis methods.
 Results: When the OGTT results of the patients with negative ADA prediabetes risk test scores were compared, the sensitivity was determined as 54% and the specificity as 63% (p0.05). There was no retinopathy finding in the eye examination of 262 of the 342 patients included in the study (p>0.05).
 Conclusion: In this study, we found that a positive ADA prediabetes risk score was effective in predicting prediabetes, but it was not sufficient. However, prediabetes diagnosed according to OGTT was found to be higher in the patients with negative test scores. Therefore, the prediabetes risk test was not effective in predicting prediabetes among the patients with negative scores.