Abstract
Post-harvest losses of grapes during prolonged storage in refrigerated chambers are mainly associated with dehydration and darkening of stems, wilting of berries and the development of mold. As a result of the physiological processes in the berries, a sufficiently humid environment is created, which contributes to the development of microbiological spoilage. To combat this phenomenon, it is recommended to use natural biodegradable polymers, which prevent the deterioration of quality characteristics by creating a semi-permeable protective barrier. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to determine the optimal dosage of film-forming solutions for treatment of grapes. For this, samples of grapes of the Kishmish Luchistyi variety were prepared with an applied to the surface coating layer of two types: potato starch/gelatin/glycerin/ natamycin and chitosan/sodium alginate/glycerin/natamycin at a biopolymer ratio of 50/50%, with the addition of 1.3% glycerin and 0.3% natamycin. Based on the identified dependence of the weight loss and the value of the resistance of berries to the pressure force on the storage time and the amount of film-forming coating, the optimal amount of film-forming coating required to treat 1000 grams of berries is substantiated – 50 ml.
Highlights
At the enterprises of wholesale and retail trade and public catering, storage conditions for grapes received for sale from a stationary storage or directly from agricultural producers are not always optimal
Samples of grapes of the Kishmish Luchistyi variety were prepared with an applied to the surface coating layer of two types: potato starch/gelatin/glycerin/ natamycin and chitosan/sodium alginate/glycerin/natamycin at a biopolymer ratio of 50/50%, with the addition of 1.3% glycerin and 0.3% natamycin
For the preparation of filmforming solutions and films based on them, certain components were used: polymers (soluble starch (GOST 10163-76), food gelatin (GOST 11293-89), chitosan (CAS 9012-76-4), sodium alginate (CAS 9005-38-3)); a plasticizer (glycerin (GOST 6259-75)); a solvent; an auxiliary substance (LNFY190906-31 natamycin produced by LLC “ALPLIK RUS”)
Summary
At the enterprises of wholesale and retail trade and public catering, storage conditions for grapes received for sale from a stationary storage or directly from agricultural producers are not always optimal. In this regard, additional treatment is required to reduce the amount of losses from wilting, microbiological deterioration and mechanical damage. The authors [9] have developed films based on cassava starch, 25 and 50% (in a polymer mixture) bovine gelatin using glycerin (30%) as a plasticizer. The authors found that the inclusion of gelatin and lipids in glycerin-plasticized cassava starch films markedly affected their physical properties; treatment with 30 mg per 1000 grams of apples showed the best results
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