Investigation of the Dyeability Behaviors of Cotton Surfaces with Natural Dyes Extracted from Rubia Tinctorum and Reseda Luteola L. Plants

Abstract

In this study, the pigment obtained from Rubia Tinctorum plants growing around Central Anatolian Region (Konya) and the Reseda Luteola L plant extract collected from Black Sea Region, have been used as natural dye sources. The 100% cotton, single pique knitted surfaces with 190 g / m2 weight are used as a material to be dyed. Prior to the dyeing process, the samples were mordanted with 1% potassium aluminum sulphate and copper sulphate in a laboratory dyeing machine (Thermal). Following the mordant process, the samples were dyed in the laboratory dyeing machine at boiling temperature for 60 minutes according to the exhaustion method. The samples were left to be cooled in the dyeing liquor and 12 hours later, cold overflow washing, hot washing, boiling soaping and cold rinsing were performed additionally. After the drying process, color measurements were carried out with a spectrophotometer (Machbeth 2 180 V) using Color office Textile program to create color coordinates according to the CIE Lab system under D65 illuminate and 10° standard observer. As a conclusion, the samples mordanted with potassium aluminum sulphate and then dyed with natural dye obtained from Rubia Tinctorum plant is considered the standard for color measurement, it has been determined that copper sulphate mordant is effective in the change of (ΔE*) total color difference (ΔE*=7.93). The samples with Rubia Tinctorum have a lighter color than the standard, the green and blue nuance is more, and the color is more matte as well. The samples mordanted with potassium aluminum sulphate and then dyed with natural dye obtained from Reseda Luteola L plant is considered the standard for color measurement, it has been determined that copper sulphate mordant is effective in the change of (ΔE*) total color difference (ΔE*=24). On the lightness axis (ΔL*), the dyed sample is darker than the standard. The color of Reseda Luteola L. dyed the samples is darker than standard, more red and blue; the nuance is more, also the color is more matte. When the Color Strength (K / S) values of the samples dyed with the dyestuffs obtained from Rubia Tinctorum and Reseda Luteola L plants were compared; in both dyestuffs, the highest Color Strength Value (K / S) was obtained in samples dyed after mordant process with copper sulphate (Rubia Tinctorum: K / S= 3,336; Reseda Luteola L: K / S= 10,649). The washing fastness results are lower than the staining fastness for all performed dyeing process. Both the color change in washing and staining rates are between the values accepted by the industry. Likewise, the dry rubbing fastness and wet rub fastness of all dyeing are similar. Light fastness values of samples dyed with natural dye obtained from Rubia Tinctorum plant are higher than samples dyed with Reseda Luteola L.