Investigation of the cellular and soluble markers of inflammation for the assessment of cardiovascular risk in patients with acute coronary syndrome in Bangladesh

Abstract

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), one of the leading causes of mortality in Bangladesh, occurs when a plaque in the coronary artery suddenly ruptures and obstructs the flow of blood to the heart causing myocardial tissue necrosis. In this study, a total of 140 participants were enrolled including 70 ACS patients and 70 non-ACS controls. The total and differential WBC counts, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and complement functions were investigated and the values were compared between the study groups. We found the total WBC count, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), plasma MPO activity, serum IMA, and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the ACS patients while the complement-mediated bactericidal activity was significantly lower. The results on NLR, MPO activity, and IL-6 levels demonstrate activation of cellular and soluble inflammatory mediators in ACS, which may be potential diagnostic biomarkers.