Investigation of the Causes and Risk Factors of Previous End-Stage Renal Disease in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Abstract

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathophysiological process with many etiologic causes, often leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The distribution of the causes that lead to ESRD varies by country, race, and sex. Renal failure may be prevented by determining these differences and reducing the risk factors. ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to determine the causes and risk factors of previous ESRD in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. MethodsIn this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 393 KT recipients fitting the study criteria gave written consent to participate. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews at the Transplant Center using survey forms prepared by the researchers. ResultsAccording to a multivariate logistic regression analysis of the dependent variable of ESRD diagnosis age of KT recipients, the factors affecting ESRD diagnosis age were found to be job (Odds ratio (OD) = 5.76; 95% CI [2.291-14.481]), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OD = 2.94; 95% CI [1.143-7.571]), polycystic kidney disease (PKD) (OD = 4.55; 95% CI [1.737-11.919]), hypertension (HT) (OD = 3.53; 95% CI [2.132-5.854]), family history of ESRD (OD = 0.57; 95% CI [0.341-0.963]), surgical procedure history (OD = 1.93; 95% CI [1.150-3.230]), and stress level (OD = 5.86, 95% CI [2.212-15.528]). ConclusionIt is important that we determine the changeable risk factors related to ESRD development in order to prepare strategies aimed at preventing ESRD, the frequency and prevalence of which is gradually increasing. Modifiable risk factors should be identified, particularly in KT recipients, to preserve the functions of the transplanted kidney.