Investigation of the capability of multitemporal RADARSAT-2 fully polarimetric SAR images for land cover classification: a case of Panyu, Guangdong province

Abstract

ABSTRACT Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), with all-day and all-weather observation capabilities, can capture the phenology of crops with short growth cycles to improve land cover classification results. The present study carried out a land cover classification using multitemporal RADARSAT-2 fully polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) images that are 24 days apart. The objectives of this study were 1) examining the land cover classification capacity of multitemporal fully PolSAR data processed with multiple polarimetric decomposition methods, 2) investigating the contribution of multi-type polarimetric decomposition methods to multitemporal PolSAR image classification, 3) and determining optimal image acquisition dates and polarimetric parameters for land cover classification. Overall accuracy and kappa coefficient attained using the multitemporal PolSAR data were 96.55% and 0.96, respectively, which were improved by as much as 16.77% and 0.20, respectively, compared with those obtained with a single scene. Compared with the multitemporal PolSAR image classification using coherency matrices alone, the use of polarimetric decomposition methods improved overall accuracy and kappa value by 2.22% and 0.03, respectively. Using decision tree algorithms for feature selection, we found that April 14, May 8, June 1, and June 25 and Pauli, Cloude, Neumann3, An&Yang4, Freeman3, Barnes2, and MCSM5 decomposition methods were optimal for the land cover classification.