Abstract
This review focuses on marine compounds with anti-prostate cancer properties. Marine species are unique and have great potential for the discovery of anticancer drugs. Marine sources are taxonomically diverse and include bacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi, algae, and mangroves. Marine-derived compounds, including nucleotides, amides, quinones, polyethers, and peptides are biologically active compounds isolated from marine organisms such as sponges, ascidians, gorgonians, soft corals, and bryozoans, including those mentioned above. Several compound classes such as macrolides and alkaloids include drugs with anti-cancer mechanisms, such as antioxidants, anti-angiogenics, antiproliferatives, and apoptosis-inducing drugs. Despite the diversity of marine species, most marine-derived bioactive compounds have not yet been evaluated. Our objective is to explore marine compounds to identify new treatment strategies for prostate cancer. This review discusses chemically and pharmacologically diverse marine natural compounds and their sources in the context of prostate cancer drug treatment.
Highlights
Throughout the history of humanity, marine sources have played an important role as a source of natural medicinal products
E-cadherin is an important biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis and is involved in cell-cell adhesion, which is linked to invasion and metastasis
We found that only 10% of a typical dose of the topotecan (TPT) anticancer drug combined with C-PC killed cancer cells at a higher rate than that of TPT being used alone at full dose
Summary
Throughout the history of humanity, marine sources have played an important role as a source of natural medicinal products. Half of the previously described novel marine natural compounds have been shown to be biologically active [1]. Marine organisms must survive and adapt to these harsh environmental conditions. Researchers have become increasingly interested in marine sources in the development of potential anticancer drugs [2]. Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in men but is primarily seen in developed countries. Marine compounds have shown potential for the treatment of prostate cancer. We discuss the various species and compounds and their specific effects on prostate cancer. Fungi, sponges, algae, and tunicates has yielded a large number of anticancer compounds; these marine-derived chemical compounds include alkaloids, macrolides, terpenoids, among other compounds
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