Investigation of The Antiproliferative Effect of Colchicine on SNU-1 Gastric Cancer Cells

Abstract

In this study, colchicine's cytotoxic effects on SNU-1 cells were examined, and a probable mechanism behind its cytotoxicity was revealed. According to the results of the study, colchicine displayed considerable cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 14.81ng/ml when it was administered to the cells for 24 hours at different doses ranging from 5 to 100ng/ml. Furthermore, according to mechanistic studies, usege of colchicine significantly increased both early and late apoptotic cells in flow cytometry experiments. The late apoptotic cell population percentage in the control group (5.14 ± 1.27%) dramatically increased to 22.83 ± 1.38% in 14.81ng/ml colchicine treated cells. The early apoptotic cell population percentage in the control group (2.00 ± 1.12%) increased to 6.57 ± 2.35% in 14.81ng/ml colchicine treated cells. ELISA method was used to evaluate how colchicine affects the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in SNU-1 cells. Colchicine treatment increased pro-apoptotic Bax and cleaved caspase 3 activities, while anti-apoptotic BCL-2 levels decreased. It is concluded that colchicine increases apoptosis in SNU-1 cells, which leads to an overall increase in cell death. Colchicine's promise as an anticancer drug to treat stomach cancer, however, needs additional research to be determined.