Investigation of the antioxidant activity of the peroxidase system of cell nuclei during germination of wheat embryos with different types of resistance to temperature stress

Gyulnar Vafina,N.A Shyurova,O.V Tkachenko

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20224301011

Abstract

The yield of agricultural crops directly depends on their ability to adapt to a constantly changing environment, the unfavorable climatic conditions of which cause oxidative stress, accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen species in plant cells, which can cause damage to heteropolymer cell structures, thereby leading to suppression of plant growth and a decrease in productivity grains. It has been shown that the profile of the antioxidant activity of the peroxidase system in histone and non-histone blocks of structures (nucleoplasm, chromatin) of cell nuclei during germination is more pronounced in the cold-resistant variety Mironovskaya 808 (winter) compared to Mironovskaya yarovaya (spring), which correlates with the intensity of growth processes and can be associated with participation in the realization of proliferation and differentiation programs. A direct relationship between the scavenging of ROS and plant resistance to temperature stress, which is often associated with the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes that impart stress resistance to both high and low temperature stress, apparently also exists at the level of the plant cell nucleus.

Highlights

Plants are constantly exposed to various stress factors that affect their normal growth, productivity and survival
It is known from the literature that cell division in the embryonic roots in the G1 phase accelerates if they are in an oxidized state and slows down if they are in a reduced state; it can be assumed that regulated oxidation is a key feature of the early stages of the plant cell cycle [24]
It has been proven that there is a direct relationship between the absorption of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and plant resistance to temperature stress, which is often associated with the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, which impart stress resistance to both high and low temperature stress [7, 26, 27]

Summary

Introduction

Plants are constantly exposed to various stress factors that affect their normal growth, productivity and survival. These unfavorable environmental conditions usually cause the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause severe oxidative damage to plants. The concentration and nature of localization of various ROS in the cell carry out either damage caused by oxidative stress or redox signaling [2]. It was shown that H2O2 is involved in cell differentiation and elongation, growth / division, aging and death, cell wall formation, regulation of enzymatic activity, synthesis of proteins and nucleotides, and expression of stress-sensitive genes [9]. Understanding the processes of production, signaling and reduction of ROS is necessary to create resistant crops that are adapted to environmental conditions and resistant to pathogens

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