Abstract
A forward and backward wave feedback circuit for a vacuum terahertz radiation source is proposed and demonstrated. In the feedback circuit, two bunched electron beams with different velocities interact with two spatial harmonics, respectively. The simulation reveals that the forward wave and the backward wave form a feedback circuit and affect each other through beam-wave interaction. Furthermore, the maximum gain of the forward wave of the feedback circuit is about 12.4 dB higher than the single beam traveling wave tube. When observing the excitation of the backward wave, it is found that the starting current is 44.4% lower than the traditional backward wave oscillator. The forward and backward wave feedback circuit is a promising choice for the watt-level tunable compact terahertz source that can be potentially used in a transmitter for Terahertz radar detection.
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