Investigation of structural, physical, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of two novel thiophene centred D-π-A type push-pull organic derivatives for nonlinear optical applications

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to investigate the different key parameters of two novel thiophene based D-π-A type push-pull organic chalcone derivatives; 3-(4-nіtrоphenyl)- 3-hydrоxy-1-(thіоphen-2-yl) prоpan-1-оne (2ATN) and 3-(4-nіtrоphenyl) -3-hydrоxy -1-(thіоphen-3-yl) prоpan-1-оne (3ATN) through various experimental techniques. The 2ATN and 3ATN single crystal are grown at ambient temperature by the slow evaporation solution growth technique. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that both the title compounds 3ATN and 2ATN are crystallized in the triclinic crystal system under centrosymmetric structure with space group P-1. The 2ATN and 3ATN crystals are thermally stable up to 147.68 °C and 197.4 °C respectively. The linear optical properties of grown crystals are characterized by photoluminescence and UV–visible spectroscopic technique. The Vicker’s microhardness test confirms the crystal’s hardness and the Vicker’s hardness number 19 kg/mm2 and 13 kg/mm2 of 2ATN and 3ATN respectively, which are indicates the physical stability of the crystals. The third-order nonlinear optical parameters are determined using Z-Scan technique under continuous wave laser source at 532 nm wavelength. Using the Kurtz-Perry method SHG efficiency was tested for both the crystals and the 3ATN crystal shows about 0.61 times the efficiency of urea crystal. The nitro substituted effects are described in the enhancement of NLO activity using structure-property relationship. The reported crystals can therefore be used for non-linear optical applications due to its excellent optical properties.