Abstract
In this study, the cerium-doped hydroxyapatite (Ca10−xCex(PO4)6(OH)2 with xCe = 0.1, 10Ce-HAp) coatings obtained by the spin coating method were presented for the first time. The stability of the 10Ce-HAp suspension particles used in the preparation of coatings was evaluated by ultrasonic studies, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface morphology of the 10Ce-HAp coating was studied by SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The obtained 10Ce-HAp coatings were uniform and without cracks or unevenness. Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used for the investigation of fine chemical depth profiling. The antifungal properties of the HAp and 10Ce-HAp suspensions and coatings were assessed using Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (C. albicans) fungal strain. The quantitative antifungal assays demonstrated that both 10Ce-HAp suspensions and coatings exhibited strong antifungal properties and that they successfully inhibited the development and adherence of C. albicans fungal cells for all the tested time intervals. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) visualization of the C. albicans fungal cells adherence to the 10Ce-HAp surface also demonstrated their strong inhibitory effects. In addition, the qualitative assays also suggested that the 10Ce-HAp coatings successfully stopped the biofilm formation.
Highlights
In the last years, the prevalence of hospital-related infections caused by drug resistant microorganisms was high
The results obtained by Le et al [79] in their study regarding “nanoscale surface roughness influences Candida albicans biofilm formation” have evidenced that that surface topography could influence the adherence of C. albicans cells and the results suggested that a specific surface architecture could be used to repel C. albicans attachment, preventing the biofilm formation
The 10Ce-HAp coatings were prepared by the spin coating technique from stable
Summary
The prevalence of hospital-related infections caused by drug resistant microorganisms was high. The fungal infections in patients pre and post operatory has risen to a greater number than ever, and it is growing every year throughout the world. These facts together with the emergence of microorganisms resistant to conventional antibiotics have encouraged the need for the development of newly antifungal agents that could be able to prevent and/or eradicate these microorganisms. In the last few years, great attention has been awarded to the use of materials science to synthesize new materials with antimicrobial properties that could be used in the development of new antimicrobial devices with a great impact in the prevention and treatment of infections.
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