Investigation of Simultaneous Influences of Significant Charging Factors on Lithium‐Ion Batteries and Identifying Interaction Effects

Abstract

Lithium‐ion batteries are an essential technology with extensive use in numerous electric applications. A complete understanding of the simultaneous effects of charging factors such as state‐of‐charge (SOC), C‐rate, and rest period is essential to manage lithium‐ion batteries. This study aims to determine the significant charging factors influencing the battery dynamics to provide detailed insights into the relationship between the selected charging factors and the battery dynamics. The cathodic charge transfer resistance and the ohmic resistance are substantially affected by the C‐rate, whereas the SOC dominantly contributes to only the Rt;c. The effect of the SOC on the ohmic resistance and the cathodic charge transfer resistance depends on the C‐rate. The cathode charge transfer resistance is the most sensitive dynamic parameter to charging factors. The solid electrolyte interphase formation charge transfer resistance is the most stable battery dynamic parameter. The sensitivity analysis expressly shows the part of the lithium‐ion battery that needs to be improved to provide better performance under the implemented charging protocols. Comprehensive analysis of the simultaneous effects of charging factors on battery dynamics can also be used in a battery management system to measure changes in battery dynamics that will support lithium‐ion battery controls.