Abstract
Trees of the Copaifera genus are native to the tropical regions of Latin America and Western Africa. Copaifera sp is widely used as a popular medicine and it has various ethnopharmacological indications, including gonorrhea, bronchitis, asthma, skin ulcers, ulcers, sore throat, uterine infections, general inflammations, cancer, and leishmanioses. Kaurenoic acid is a naturally occurring diterpene found in Copaifera and has been used as an anti-inflammatory, treatment of ulcer, leishmaniasis, and cancer. Bearing in mind the fact that the Ames test is an excellent tool to assess the safety of extracts, oils, and phytochemicals isolated from medicinal plants, from it, we evaluate the mutagenic potential of four species, between oleoresins (C. oblongifolia; C. langsdorffii) and leaves extracts (C. lucens; C. multijuga), of the Copaifera genus and also of kaurenoic acid, which is one of its major compounds. The results showed that the Copaifera spp. and kaurenoic acid did not induce an increase in the number of revertant colonies, without mutagenic effect in experiments, in the all concentrations evaluated by Ames test. The results obtained in our study support the safe use of the Copaifera genus medicinal plants selected and of kaurenoic acid.
Highlights
Along history, different cultures have used plants for medicinal purposes
Bearing in mind that the Ames test is an excellent tool to assess the safety of extracts, oils, and phytochemicals isolated from medicinal plants, we used this test to evaluate the mutagenic potential of the oleoresins or leaf extracts of four Copaifera species and of kaurenoic acid
Kaurenoic acid did not increase the number of revertant colonies, either, so it did not exert mutagenic effects at any of the assayed concentrations or on any of the evaluated strains
Summary
Different cultures have used plants for medicinal purposes. Plants have proven to be a source of medicines for the treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases. Plant-based systems continue to play an essential role in health [1, 2] and interest in phytomedicinal products has increased worldwide, so much so that plants are still being investigated as a source of novel medicinal agents [3]. Trees belonging to the genus Copaifera are native to the tropical regions of Latin America and Western Africa. The genus Copaifera belongs to the family Leguminosae and encompasses 72 species. Copaifera spp. are widely employed in popular medicine. They have various ethnopharmacological indications, like treatment of gonorrhea, bronchitis, asthma, skin ulcers, ulcers, sore throat, uterine infections, general inflammations, cancer, and leishmaniases [5,6,7]
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