Abstract
Effective treatment trains are needed to address insensitive munitions (IM) in wastewater. Ion exchange paired with oxidative munition degradation was evaluated for IM wastewater treatment. Herein, removal of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) was the design basis due to its high concentration at ≥ 1,400 mg/L in IM wastewater. Removal of NTO from simulated IM wastewater by Purolite A532E IX columns was observed over 18 cycles. Overall, 89–99 % of NTO was removed from solutions containing only NTO, and 81–99 % NTO was removed from solutions also containing 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), nitroguanidine (NQ), and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1.3.5-triazine (RDX). Only 2–34 % of NTO was removed when nitrate or perchlorate were present. Regenerant composed of 0.01 M HCl and 1 % MeOH removed NTO and allowed 12 cycles of repeated loading and unloading before resins needed to be replaced. Across a total of 18 cycles observed with differing influent and regenerant methods, NTO removal in a single column was 69±8 % and the regeneration efficiency 76±5 %. The NTO in spent regenerant solutions were completely degraded over 1.5 hr of ozone-nanobubble treatment and 7 hr of UV/H2O2 treatment. These results suggest that once optimized, ion exchange of NTO from munitions wastewater may be a viable technology to include in munitions wastewater treatment trains.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
