Abstract
It is difficult to increase the capacity of
 the transmission system by establishing new lines or switching to a new voltage
 level to meet the rapidly rising electricity demand. Thus, there is an
 increased need for power flow controllers that can increase the capacity of the
 existing transmission line and control power flows in predetermined
 transmission corridors. For this reason, in recent years a new class of controllers
 has emerged called Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS). It is very
 important to investigate the advantages of FACTS devices and to model these
 devices so that power systems can be operated in steady state. In this study, a
 comprehensive modeling of the most popular FACTS devices for power flow
 operation was performed. Power flow studies were first performed using the
 Newton Raphson method for an IEEE 5-bus power system without any FACTS devices.
 Then, different FACTS controllers were added to the system to perform power
 flow studies. As a result of the power flow studies performed, it was observed
 that the FACTS controllers increased the capacity of the existing transmission
 line and contributed to the voltage stability.
Highlights
THE ENERGY industry is undergoing a profound transformation around the world
The power flow of the IEEE-5 bus power system using the Newton-Raphson method was performed for situations with and without Flexible Alternating Current (AC) Transmission System (FACTS) devices
Serial and parallel FACTS devices were added to the power system and serial and parallel compensation was performed
Summary
THE ENERGY industry is undergoing a profound transformation around the world. Decreases in natural resources and increasing demand for electricity are some of the reasons for this change. Many studies have been done to maximize the capacity of existing transmission systems with high reliability and stability. FACTS technology has a critical role in transmission line planning. Because it creates new opportunities to control the power and increase the available capacity [2, 3]. Due to the increase in population and economy, there is a need to increase the flexibility, reliability and capacity of existing transmission systems. Due to changing market conditions, electrical utilities are looking for various ways to operate existing transmission lines at maximum limits. To achieve these goals, FACTS devices are used that can control the power flow and increase the transmission capacity [4]. FACTS devices commonly used in power systems are Static Var Compensator (SVC), Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC), Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) and Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) [6]
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