Investigation of Phytochemical Composition and In-vitro Antioxidant Activity of Canthium parviflorum Leaf Extract

Abstract

This study provides a thorough investigation of Canthium parviflorum leaves, integrating macroscopical, phytochemical, and in-vitro antioxidant analyses to unveil the plant’s therapeutic potential. The preliminary phytochemical analysis identifies a diverse array of bioactive compounds in C. parviflorum, encompassing alkaloids, terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, gum, and mucilage, known for their potential pharmacological activities. Physico-chemical parameters characterize the leaves, with a moisture content of 6.9% w/w indicating water content and ash values providing insights into the inorganic composition. The hydroalcohol extract exhibits an extraction efficiency of 26.91%, emphasizing the success of the extraction process. The focus extends to the quantification of phenolic and flavonoid content in the hydroalcoholic extract. The substantial phenolic content at 76.13 mg GAE/gm suggests antioxidant potential, and the quantified flavonoid content of 4.95 mg quercetin equivalents per gram extract further underscores the presence of bioactive compounds. The study seamlessly integrates in-vitro antioxidant analyses, revealing concentration-dependent scavenging activities against superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. These findings support the plant’s potential therapeutic applications, emphasizing its antioxidant capabilities. The comprehensive exploration of C. parviflorum’s macroscopical and microscopical features, phytochemical composition, and in-vitro antioxidant properties contributes to a robust foundation for its potential integration into herbal medicine. The identification of bioactive compounds underscores its significance as a valuable natural resource. In conclusion, this study not only enriches our understanding of C. parviflorum but also paves the way for future investigations into its medicinal applications, fostering advancements in herbal medicine and natural product research.