Investigation of phosphoric acid and water transport in the high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells using a multiphase model

Abstract

AbstractA three‐dimensional, nonisothermal, and multiphase model of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells is built to investigate water and phosphoric acid transportation, in which a spherical agglomerate model considering catalyst layer structure and liquid saturation is applied to determine the electrochemical kinetics in the cathode catalyst layer. Experimental polarization curve, water proportion in the anode outlet gas, and phosphoric acid distribution are selected for validation. It is found that the simulated results can represent the experimental data with reasonable accuracy. Based on the model, the effects of current density and stoichiometry on the variable distributions are analyzed. The results show that water in anode is mainly from cathode by concentration diffusion of liquid water, and the proportion of anode outlet water to the total produced water decreases slightly with the increase of current density. A higher current density leads to a greater electromigration of phosphoric acid from cathode to anode and a higher liquid phase fraction in anode, while a lower phosphoric acid concentration in the fuel cells.