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Abstract
Single‐phase perovskite oxide SrCo0.8Cu0.1Nb0.1O3–δ was synthesized using a Pechini method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated a cubic structure with a=3.8806(7) Å. The oxide material was combined with active carbon, forming a composite electrode to be used as the cathode in a room temperature ammonia fuel cell based on an anion membrane electrolyte and NiCu/C anode. An open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.19 V was observed with dilute 0.02 m (340 ppm) ammonia solution as the fuel. The power density and OCV were improved upon the addition of 1 m NaOH to the fuel, suggesting that the addition of NaOH, which could be achieved through the introduction of alkaline waste to the fuel stream, could improve performance when wastewater is used as the fuel. It was found that the SrCo0.8Cu0.1Nb0.1O3−δ cathode was converted from irregular shape into shuttle‐shape during the fuel cell measurements. As the key catalysts for electrode materials for this fuel cell are all inexpensive, after further development, this could be a promising technology for removal of ammonia from wastewater.
Highlights
Fuel cells are a promising technology for converting the chemical energy in fuels directly into electrical energy
The addition of NaOH/KOH will help the removal of ammonia, but it is desired to neutralize the alkaline wastewater in the following step before disposing to drainage, which means additional cost
This study indicates that SrCo0.8Cu0.1Nb0.1O3Àd is a good oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst that can be used as the cathode for a room temperature ammonia fuel cell
Summary
The key to improving the working efficiency of ammonia fuel cells is to improve the performance of the catalysts in the anode, cathode, and electrolyte, and to reduce the overall cost. We report the performance of a SrCo0.8Cu0.1Nb0.1O3Àd cathode in a two-electrode room temperature direct ammonia fuel cell. It was found that Ni-based electrocatalysts exhibit high activity for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR);[35] Ni95Cu5-alloy nanoparticles supported in carbon blacks were successfully applied in an anion exchange membrane fuel cell.[36] The key task of this work is to identify low-cost oxide cathode materials for room temperature direct ammonia fuel cells. The fuel cell performance of a room temperature ammonia fuel cell containing a SrCo0.8Cu0.1Nb0.1O3Àd/C cathode and NiCu/C anode is presented. As the ammonia content in the wastewater is usually between 200 ppm ( % 0.01 m) and 2000 ppm ( % 0.1 m), it is important to test the performance of the cell when low concentration of ammonia solution is used as the fuel
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