Investigation of peri-implant diseases prevalence and related risk indicators in patients with treated severe periodontitis over 4 years after restoration

Abstract

Background/purposeHistory of periodontitis is a well-documented risk indicator of peri-implantitis. However, the influence of severity of periodontitis is still unclear, especially for severe periodontitis. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of peri-implant disease and analyze the risk indicators in patients with treated severe periodontitis. Materials and methodsA total of 182 implants from 88 patients (44 males and 44 females) with severe periodontitis with a mean fellow-up period of 76.5 months were enrolled in this study. Patient and implant information, and periodontal and peri-implant conditions were collected to evaluate the prevalence of peri-implant disease and risk indicators. ResultsThe prevalence of peri-implantitis was 9.1% and 6.6% at the patient-level and implant-level. The prevalence of peri-implant mucositis was 76.1% and 51.1% at the patient-level and implant-level. Risk indicators of peri-implantitis included older age (OR: 1.132), poor proximal cleaning habits (OR: 14.218), implants in anterior area (OR: 10.36), poor periodontal disease control (OR: 12.76), high peri-implant plaque index (OR: 4.27), and keratinized tissue width (KTW)＜2 mm (OR: 19.203). ConclusionImplants in patients with severe periodontitis after periodontal treatment and maintenance show a low prevalence (9.1%) of peri-implantitis and a relatively high prevalence (76.2%) of peri-implant mucositis. Patient age, peri-implant proximal cleaning habits, implant position, periodontal disease control, peri-implant plaque index, and KTW are associated with prevalence of peri-implantitis.