Investigation of Methane Oxy-Fuel Combustion in a Swirl-Stabilised Gas Turbine Model Combustor

Mao Li,Marcus Thern,Yiheng Tong,Jens Klingmann

doi:10.3390/en10050648

Abstract

CO2 has a strong impact on both operability and emission behaviours in gas turbine combustors. In the present study, an atmospheric, preheated, swirl-stabilised optical gas turbine model combustor rig was employed. The primary objectives were to analyse the influence of CO2 on the fundamental characteristics of combustion, lean blowout (LBO) limits, CO emission and flame structures. CO2 dilution effects were examined with three preheating temperatures (396.15, 431.15, and 466.15 K). The fundamental combustion characteristics were studied utilising chemical kinetic simulations. To study the influence of CO2 on the operational range of the combustor, equivalence ratio (Ф) was varied from stoichiometric conditions to the LBO limits. CO emissions were measured at the exit of the combustor using a water-cooled probe over the entire operational range. The flame structures and locations were characterised by performing CH chemiluminescence imaging. The inverse Abel transformation was used to analyse the CH distribution on the axisymmetric plane of the combustor. Chemical kinetic modelling indicated that the CO2 resulted in a lower reaction rate compared with the CH4/air flame. Fundamental combustion properties such as laminar flame speed, ignition delay time and blowout residence time were found to be affected by CO2. The experimental results revealed that CO2 dilution resulted in a narrower operational range for the equivalence ratio. It was also found that CO2 had a strong inhibiting effect on CO burnout, which led to a higher concentration of CO in the combustion exhaust. CH chemiluminescence showed that the CO2 dilution did not have a significant impact on the flame structure.

Highlights

Oxy-fuel combustion in gas turbine applications has attracted a great deal of attention due to its potential to reduce CO2 emission to zero, thereby offering one of the most promising strategies for climate change and sustainable development issues [1]
Chemical kinetic modelling indicated that the CO2 resulted in a lower reaction rate compared with the CH4 /air flame
Compared with current conventional power generation systems, the main drawback of the oxy-fuel combustion cycle is the need for an air separation unit (ASU) which has both a high energy consumption and high investment costs for equipment in most cases [4]

Summary

Introduction

Oxy-fuel combustion in gas turbine applications has attracted a great deal of attention due to its potential to reduce CO2 emission to zero, thereby offering one of the most promising strategies for climate change and sustainable development issues [1]. The main concept of oxy-fuel combustion is to burn fuel using pure oxygen rather than air as the primary oxidant. A simple condensation process can be employed to remove the H2 O from the flue gas, leaving the CO2 for capture and storage, mitigating the cost and difficulty significantly compared with CO2 separation in conventional air/fuel combustion. Compared with current conventional power generation systems, the main drawback of the oxy-fuel combustion cycle is the need for an air separation unit (ASU) which has both a high energy consumption and high investment costs for equipment in most cases [4]. In order to make full use of O2 while achieving the complete combustion of fuel, oxy-fuel combustion is preferably carried out under stoichiometric conditions

Methods

Results

Conclusion