Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter describes both the interactions between zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) and dispersant in oil and the results of these interactions on the ZDDP reactivity with metallic surfaces. It discusses the behavior of the additives in oil using infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance of Phosphorus (31P NMR). The results highlight not only the formation of complexes, but also chemical reaction in terms of changes in the Zn2+ ion coordination. Molecular modeling and the semi-empirical molecular orbital approach were used in the study described in the chapter as an additional tool to reinforce the experimental results and for interpretation of the spectroscopic changes. In addition, the chapter also reviews the behavior of ZDDP and ZDDP/dispersant mixtures on surfaces to understand the way by which the dispersant could affect antiwear properties of ZDDP. The antiwear additives used were methyl-4pentyl-2 ZDDP and isopropyl ZDDP synthesized at IFP (Institut Francais du Petrole) with high purity level.
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