Abstract
A heat pump with thermal storage system is a system that operates a heat pump during nighttime using inexpensive electricity; during this time, the generated thermal energy is stored in a thermal storage tank. The stored thermal energy is used by the heat pump during daytime. Based on a model of a dual latent thermal storage tank and a heat pump, this study conducts control simulations using both conventional and advanced methods for heating in a building. Conventional methods include the thermal storage priority method and the heat pump priority method, while advanced approaches include the region control method and the dynamic programming method. The heating load required for an office building is identified using TRNSYS (Transient system simulation), used for simulations of various control methods. The thermal storage priority method shows a low coefficient of performance (COP), while the heat pump priority method leads to high electricity costs due to the low use of thermal storage. In contrast, electricity costs are lower for the region control method, which operates using the optimal part load ratio of the heat pump, and for dynamic programming, which operates the system by following the minimum cost path. According to simulation results for the winter season, the electricity costs using the dynamic programming method are 17% and 9% lower than those of the heat pump priority and thermal storage priority methods, respectively. The region control method shows results similar to the dynamic programming method with respect to electricity costs. In conclusion, advanced control methods are proven to have advantages over conventional methods in terms of power consumption and electricity costs.
Highlights
Abnormal climatic conditions caused by global warming has increased the demand for cooling in summer and heating in winter; electricity demand is continuously growing
This study focuses on the control method for the thermal storage tank and heat pump to optimize power consumption and electricity costs for heating, which have been explored relatively less than for cooling
Control performance simulations are performed during winter using the heat pump priority method, thermal storage priority method, region control method, and dynamic programming method
Summary
Abnormal climatic conditions caused by global warming has increased the demand for cooling in summer and heating in winter; electricity demand is continuously growing. A heat pump–thermal storage system is an effective technology for addressing the stabilization issue, as the system operates a heat pump during nighttime when the electricity demand is low [4] It stores thermal energy for heating and cooling in the thermal storage tank and uses the stored energy during daytime when the higher loads occur. Jung et al [16] studied economical operational mechanism of ice thermal storage systems, considering cooling load variations, and suggested a control method combining the advantages of the thermal storage priority and chiller priority methods. This study focuses on the control method for the thermal storage tank and heat pump to optimize power consumption and electricity costs for heating, which have been explored relatively less than for cooling. Compared for different control methods, namely, conventional control methods, the region control method, and the dynamic programming method
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