Abstract
In this paper, a rear door oil-cooling heat exchanger for data center cabinet-level cooling has been proposed. In order to solve the heat dissipation problem of high heat density data center, this paper applied the mature transformer oil cooling technology to the data room. The heat dissipation of liquid-cooled cabinets and traditional air-cooled cabinets was compared, and the heat dissipation performance of the oil-cooled system was theoretically and experimentally investigated. To investigate the heat dissipation system, the cabinet operating temperature, circulating oil system temperature and cabinet exhaust temperature, cabinet heat density, oil flow rates and fan power were analyzed. It was found that the average cooling efficiency of the liquid-cooled cabinet increased by 66% compared with the average cooling efficiency of the conventional air-cooled cabinet. The operating temperature in air-cooled cabinets is as high as 55 °C, and the operating temperature in liquid-cooled cabinets does not exceed 50 °C. Among which, the maximum heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid-cooled cabinets can reach 58.8%. The oil temperature could reach 46.9 °C after heat exchange, and the exhaust air of the cabinet could reach 42.8 °C, which could be used to prepare domestic water and regenerative desiccant. The results from established calculation model agreed well with the testing results and the model could be used to predict the heat dissipation law of the oil cooling system under different conditions. The research has proposed the potential application of the oil-cooled in cabinet-level cooling, which can help realize saving primary energy and reducing carbon emission.
Highlights
Due to the rapid development of the big data era, the growth has been in the number of the data centers, and in the scale and thermal density of the data centers
In order to solve the heat dissipation problem of high heat density data center, this paper proposed a rear door oil-cooling heat exchanger device that could be applied to cabinet level cooling, and combined the thermal management strategy of cabinet level with oil cooling technology
This paper proposed a novel rear door oil-cooling heat exchanger device for cabinet-level heat dissipation performance of the conventional air-cooled cabinet
Summary
Due to the rapid development of the big data era, the growth has been in the number of the data centers, and in the scale and thermal density of the data centers. The increasing demand for communication and computing for IT services has led to a significant increase in power demand (kW) and energy consumption (kWh) in data centers. The power density of a single server rack is approximate 5–10 kW, and the heat dissipation of the microelectronic chip alone has reached. The power density of the single server rack is expected to exceed 50 kW by 2025 and Information and Communications Technology infrastructure could use up to 50% of the world’s electricity in 2030, requiring greater efforts to preserves the power grid’s stability. In terms of the thermal management strategy, the data center commonly uses two thermal management strategies: room-level and cabinet-level [8].
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