Investigation of Groundwater Hydro-Geochemistry, Excellence, and Anthropoid Wellbeing Hazard in Dry Zones Using the Chemometric Method

Abstract

This work deals with the groundwater hydro-geochemistry, intake and irrigation water quality, and noncarcinogenic human healthiness concerns in a dry environment. Water quality characteristics were measured in samples which were gathered from the countryside and city. The findings showed that the composition of groundwater is acidic and stony. There was a wide range of nitrate and fluoride concentrations, with a mean concentration of 1.4 mg/ltr, 65.7 mg/ltr, and 0 to 13.3 mg/ltr. Only 14% of the samples were rated excellent by the water quality index, while 38% were rated good, 28% were rated bad, and 12% were classified unfit/unsuitable for eating. The quantities of nitrate and fluoride in groundwater are estimated to be 68% higher than the permitted range for noncarcinogenic ingestion, posing a major health risk to the local people. A range of indicators and graphical approaches were used to assess the appropriateness of groundwater. The geogenic origin of fluoride was demonstrated to be followed by the anthropogenic source of NO−3, K+, Na+, Cl−, and HCO-3, and the predominant hydro-chemical facies Ca−2+ and HCO-3 are done.