Investigation Of Genotoxic Effect Of Octyl Gallate Used As An Antioxidant Food Additive In In Vitro Test Systems.

Abstract

Several antioxidant food additives are added to oils, soups, sauces, chewing gum, potato chips etc. One of them is octyl gallate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential genotoxicity of octyl gallate in human lymphocytes, using in vitro chromosomal abnormalities (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), cytokinesis block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-Cyt), micronucleus-FISH (MN-FISH), and comet tests. Different concentrations (0.50, 0.25, 0.125, 0.063, and 0.031 μg/mL) of octyl gallate were used. A negative (distilled water), a positive (0.20 μg/mL Mitomycin-C), and a solvent control (8.77 μL/mL ethanol) were also applied for each treatment. Octyl gallate did not cause changes in chromosomal abnormalities, micronucleus, nuclear bud (NBUD) and nucleoplasmic bridge (NPB) frequency. Similarly, there was no significant difference in DNA damage (comet assay), percentage of centromere positive and negative cells (MN-FISH test) compared to the solvent control. Moreover, octyl gallate did not affect replication and nuclear division index. On the other hand, it significantly increased the SCE/cell ratio in three highest concentrations compared to solvent control at 24h treatment. Similarly, at 48h treatment, the frequency of SCE raised significantly compared to solvent controls at all the concentrations (except 0.031 μg/mL). An important reduce was detected in mitotic index values in highest concentration at 24h treatment and almost all concentrations (except 0.031 and 0.063 µg / mL) at 48h treatment. The results obtained suggest that octyl gallate has no an important genotoxicological action on human peripheral lymphocytes at the concentrations applied in this study.