Abstract
The application of Terahertz electromagnetic waves to diagnose oral cancer was investigated. A single case of formalin-fixed oral squamous cell carcinoma (malignant), ameloblastoma (benign), and odontogenic keratocyst was examined using terahertz pulsed spectroscopy in the frequency span of 0.1–2 THz. The measured absorption coefficient, refractive index, and the extinction coefficient were reported to be high for malignant samples than benign and cyst. The THz results are validated with hematoxylin and eosin-stained microscopic images. The results demonstrate that the THz signal was shown to be consistently higher for the malignant sample compared to benign and the cyst. These results indicate that THz signals responded to the cell density by eliminating the effect of water.
Highlights
Oral cancer is a term that refers to cancers of the tongue, mucosa, gingiva, salivary glands, and the floor of the mouth and palate
Oral cancer is a greater issue in India than it is in the west, with 70 percent of cases being reported at an advanced stage (Stage III-IV)
We hypothesize that there is a dominating component impacting the THz reflection signal other than water content to demonstrate the distinctions between normal and cancerous tissues. e obtained results show the effectiveness of using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and imaging technologies to diagnose oral cancer and, are clinically significant
Summary
Oral cancer is a term that refers to cancers of the tongue, mucosa, gingiva, salivary glands, and the floor of the mouth and palate. E study revealed the variations in THz frequency span of absorption coefficient and the refractive index of frozen or fresh skin, colon, and breast cancer tissues compared to normal tissue. It is mainly related with an increase in water content in a cancer tumor, which may be detected using THz spectroscopy [45]. Studies reported [46] measurement of oral tissue malignant using THz reflection imaging at frozen temperature and room temperature. E obtained results show the effectiveness of using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and imaging technologies to diagnose oral cancer and, are clinically significant We hypothesize that there is a dominating component impacting the THz reflection signal other than water content to demonstrate the distinctions between normal and cancerous tissues. e obtained results show the effectiveness of using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and imaging technologies to diagnose oral cancer and, are clinically significant
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