Investigation of film materials obtained from modified polyvinyl al-cohol-based solution systems

Abstract

Films based on PVA solutions are currently attracting increasing attention due to their high transparency, barrier properties and environmentally friendly nature. This is due to the fact that PVA films have greater flexibility, transparency, impact strength and lower cost than other packaging materials. When discarded, PVA can decompose in the natural environment without adding to the pollution. The article is devoted to the study of film materials obtained from modified solution systems based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Polyvinyl alcohol grade 098–10 was used as the starting product; glycerin grade T 94 was used as a plasticizer. The films were cast on glass, then heated in a heating cabinet at a temperature of 90 °C for 31 hours. The influence of different concentrations of PVA solutions on the barrier (vapor permeability) and physical and mechanical properties of films was studied. It was shown that, with an increase in the concentration of glycerol in PVA, the fracture resistance increased, the relative elongation noticeably decreased, and the permeability of the polymer sharply increased. The introduction of 20–30% plasticizer into PVA resulted in the production of a sufficiently elastic film, an increase in elongation at break, and also a decrease in tensile strength. The complex of studies carried out made it possible to determine the influence of modifying additives on the structural transformations of PVA compositions for the creation of new generation coatings. In the future, it is planned to continue research on this topic, in particular on optimizing the temperature-time regime of coating formation