Abstract
The inherent intermittency of renewable power generation poses one of the great challenges to the future smart grid. With incentives and subsidies, the penetration level of small-scale renewable energy into power grids is sharply increasing worldwide. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are used to curtail the extra power during low demand times. These energy storage systems are capable of absorbing and delivering real power to the grid. The increased penetration level of inverter-based distributed generation (DG) reduces the inertia of the grid and thus affects the transient stability of the network. This paper discusses and investigates the impact of BESS on distribution networks’ stability with high penetration levels of inverter based DG. The obtained results show that proper charging and discharging schemes of the BESS can enhance the transient stability of the network. Fast switching between charging and discharging mode would be helpful during transient fault disturbance to keep the system in a balanced condition.
Highlights
Conventional power systems are dominated by large rotating turbines and synchronous generators, which provide the inertia and damping effects for stability requirements
The results show that cost savings are larger if batteries are used for multiple purposes rather than devoting them to a single application
During high distributed generation (DG) output power, Energy Storage battery (ESB) are required to be in a charged mode to allow for a higher share of real power production from synchronous machines (SM), which leads to an increased kinetic energy and better stable operation
Summary
Conventional power systems are dominated by large rotating turbines and synchronous generators, which provide the inertia and damping effects for stability requirements. The power system frequency is in a stable state when active power produced by generators is consumed by the total system load along with transmission and distribution network losses This balance should be maintained as much as possible. Synchronous generators and turbines provide the rotating mass and supply/consume kinetic energy to/from the electric grid during a frequency deviation, Δf. The inertia constant H of synchronous generator curtails the frequency deviation This phenomenon slows down the frequency dynamics which increases the response time for transient events such as system faults, power plant outages, and sudden disconnection of loads. The increase of RES penetration results in an equivalent decrease in conventional generators and the rotational inertia in the system becomes very low This can lead to serious effects on the system’s frequency deviation [4]. Technol Econ Smart Grids Sustain Energy (2019) 4: 1 synchronous machine is the ratio of the kinetic energy of rotating masses and generator rated power, given by: H
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