Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks have highly proved its contribution in precision agriculture. Communication channel modelling investigation is a highly demanded to achieve a successful communication system where a good wave propagation model is crucially needed. Precision agriculture degrades the traveling waves in various forms in addition to the effects of the large-scale path losses models. This paper reviews the most known theoretical large-scale path losses models such as free space (FSPL) and Plane earth (PE) models as well as the vegetation models represented by Weissberger, ITU-R, FITU-R and COS235 models. Indeed, this work illustrates the effects of many factors on the total path losses such as separation distance between transceivers, antenna heights and the depth of vegetation that presence in the path propagation. In conclusion, the total path loss is computed based on large-scale path losses and the vegetation losses in protected vegetation environment.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) technologies have dominate a various crucial applications starting from home, precision agriculture, industrial and chemical to space applications
For comparing between PLtot that predicted by large scale propagation models (FSPL and Plane earth (PE)) alone with PLtot predicated by combined large scale model with vegetation models, explain that, the large scale models (FSPL and PE) are very optimistic models and don't take into account the effects of vegetation that existence in the path of propagation
The total path losses (PLtot) simulated values demonstrate that PLtot computed based vegetation model of equal heights of antenna of line of sight environment is less than PLtot based different antenna heights
Summary
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) technologies have dominate a various crucial applications starting from home, precision agriculture, industrial and chemical to space applications. Precision agriculture offers the ways for the agricultural practices to be monitored, evaluated and controlled. It covers abroad diversity of agricultural tendencies from diurnal herd management over gardening to yields’ cultivation and production. The current propagation models of wireless communication might not be accurate defining the propagation channel behaviour of WSN. For WSNs a precise model of propagation must be adopted that well describe the signal and its environment [3]. This research adopted four vegetation models of well-known empirical based modelling. Those vegetation models, COST235, ITU- Recommendation (ITU-R), Weissberger and FITU-R, are simulated to find the vegetation losses with WSNs communication nodes
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