Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a typical chronic autoimmune disease. Beyond 1.5 million patients are affected by this disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for RA patients. Several golden standards and tools including ultrasonography are primarily applied in the RA clinical detection. Levels of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) indicate the occurrence and progress of this disease. Inflammation is involved in the progress of RA pathogenically even though the specific cause is still under learning. T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes are activated to regulate the immune responses in the disorder. As a results, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are under investigation to inhibit the increase of RA-relevant lymphocytes. Methotrexate and leflunomide (LEF) are the two most frequently applied DMARDs in this chronic disorder. When monotherapy shows low efficiency, triple therapy could be used to improve the treatment. This article briefly introduced about the definition, mechanism, and treatments of the RA.
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