Abstract
The electrical characteristics of the Mn/Co/Cu-substituted Ni–Zn ferrites prepared using the citrate technique have been explored in detail by ac impedance spectroscopy. Measurements between temperatures (373K–523 K) were observed over a broad frequency range of 100 Hz–1 MHz. Maxwell and Wagner's model was used to analyze the frequency dependence of dielectric parameters. Dielectric loss tangent versus frequency plots show relaxation peaks due to the coincidence of the frequency of charge hopping between the localized state and the outer field. The Cole-Cole curve was designed to investigate the complex impedance of the current systems. Two semicircles corresponding to the grain and grain boundary were observed. The investigation of the electrical modulus includes the electrical relaxation of the non-Debye form. The substitution of Ni ions by Mn/Co/Cu ions indicates a major improvement in the dielectric characteristics of Ni − Zn ferrite. The Ni–Zn–Cu ferrite series displays the best dielectric properties suggesting the capability of this series to be suitable for high-frequency devices.
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