Investigation of cutting forces in MQL turning using mono and hybrid nano cutting fluid

Abstract

In manufacturing processes turning operation is widely performed for machining of the workpiece material in order to get the desired product. During turning operation required a significant amount of cutting force for its shearing operation and thus producing a significant amount of heat, in order to decrease the cutting force and remove the heat generated to a sensible amount need of cutting fluids is required. Nowadays many advanced cutting fluids such as nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids are being used which are better than the conventional cutting fluids, as they have better heat conductivity and nanoparticle size reduces the cutting force and friction during machining. The current study deals with the use of hybrid nanofluid as Al2O3- graphene in the ratio of 60:40 having sunflower oil as the base fluid as the cutting fluid during the turning of AISI 304 using tungsten carbide as the cutting tool. The effect of hybrid nanofluids has been studied such as its impact on the cutting forces and its wet ability over the tool surface. 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% by volume concentration of hybrid nanofluid has been made and machining was performed by using them. Dry machining results in the cutting force of 590 N and surface roughness of 2.163 µm while machining with hybrid nanofluid having 0.5% concentration results in 330 N cutting force and 1.20 µm of surface roughness. The use of hybrid nanofluids results in 7.6 percentage lesser cutting force as compare mono nano cutting fluid while machining. Hybrid nanofluid having 0.75% concentration produces the lowest contact angle having value of 25.6 degree.