Investigation of correlation between chromosome 13,p53 gene deletion and clinical profile in patients with multiple myeloma

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the correlation between the del(13q14),p53 gene deletion and clinical manifestations,treatment efficacy and survival duration for multiple myeloma.Methods The clinical information and blood samples of patients with multiple myeloma were collected,and the positive rate of genetic deletion of 13q14,p53 via FISH were detected,to calculate the statistical difference between the patients with normal gene and those with genetic deletion.Results Nine of the 22 patients(40.9%)totally evaluated were detected positive for p53 gene deletion,among whom none is in Phase Ⅰ,2 cases in Phase (40.0%),and 7 in Phase Ⅲ(50.0%).Eight patients of the total patients(36.4%)were found to have del 13q14,with 3 cases in phaseⅡ(60.0%),5 cases in PhaseⅢ(35.7%)while no one in Phase Ⅰ.Four patients have the both gene mutation,and 9 patients have neither abnormal genosome.There was no difference of demographic and disease characters between genetic deletion group and the normal ones,such as ages,gender,disease type/phase,renal function,blood cell counting,LDH and serum calcium.But the myeloma cells rate is statistically higher in normal group than in the group with p53 genetic deletion[(52.25±25.4)%vs(31.1±12.9)%,P=0.043]at the first diagnosis.Five patients treated got complete remission,7 patients very good partial remission,6 patients partial remission,4 patients no response,thus the total effective rate was up to 81.8%.Four among the six patients who were treated with bertezomib reached complete remission and 1 got very good partial remission.The mean survival duration was 11 months and 47 months in p53 genetic deletion group and normal group,respectively(P=0.086),14.9 months and 43.3 months in del 13q14 group and normal ones,and 9.4 months and 45.4 months(P=0.13)in the patients with both genetic deletions and the normal groups(P=0.1 3).Conclusion There was a statistically significant relationship between the cytogenetic abnormality and the survival duration in patients with multiple myeloma.It is recommended to prescribe bortezomib to the patients with abnormal chromosome who have known to have poor prognostic and not respond to the conventional chemotherapy treatments. Key words: Multiple myeloma; Chromosomes; In situ hybridization; fluorescence; Therapy