Abstract
The Norwegian mining industry is currently showing increasing interest in the production of metals. Recent research has demonstrated promising results identifying the high potential of the Nussir deposit for the production of copper and other valuable minerals. Mineralogical characterization for Nussir ore samples and their flotation concentrates was performed with optical microscopy and Zeiss automated mineralogy (Mineralogic) where the fine copper sulphide middlings were not completely recovered with a traditional sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) collector. In the current study, dithiophosphate and a mixture of xanthate and dithiophosphate collectors’ interaction on copper and other gangue mineral components of the ore sample were investigated with zeta potential, quantitative adsorption, FTIR studies and Hallimond tube flotation. All the results for single mineral experiments confirmed the feasibility of selective copper sulphide flotation by disecondary butyl dithiophosphate (DBD) as collector. The blend of xanthate and dithiophosphate was chemically adsorbed as individual entities on the surface of the copper minerals via competitive adsorption. A systematic study with DBD and a mixed collector (SIBX and DBD) system was conducted on the coarse grind (−105 µm) of the Nussir ore sample, and the results showed a synergistic interaction between the two reagents. The beneficiated copper concentrate using this mixture of collectors is indeed of improved copper grade and recovery. The highest copper recovery in bench scale flotation was 95.3% with a concentrate grade of 19.4% Cu for DBD collector, whereas mixtures of dithiophosphate and xanthate collectors in the ratio of 3:1 resulted in the highest copper grade (24.7%) and recovery (96.3%).
Highlights
Nussir ASA, located in the Kvalsund area of Finnmark, is exploring the Nussir and Ulveryggen deposits, and production is anticipated to begin in the near future
Mineralogical characterisation revealed that the copper minerals from the panel Nussir North East (N-NE) are dominated by bornite and chalcocite with a small amount of chalcopyrite, while the Nussir Old West (N-OW) composite is rich in bornite and chalcopyrite with small amounts of chalcocite
It was revealed that approximately 10%–17% of copper sulphides are associated with each other or other gangue minerals and that these mineral mixtures were difficult to float with xanthate collectors
Summary
Nussir ASA, located in the Kvalsund area of Finnmark, is exploring the Nussir and Ulveryggen deposits, and production is anticipated to begin in the near future. 6% copper, Nussir is one of the largest deposits in Norway. Nussir copper ore is comprised within a relatively simple deposit with very high-grade copper minerals, and the presence of other iron sulphide impurities are negligible in the ore. The latest mineral resource estimation is from July 2014, which states that Nussir consists of 5.8 million tonnes of indicated resources and 60.2 million tonnes of inferred resources, giving 66 million tonnes of copper ore. The copper mineralogy mainly consists of chalcopyrite, chalcocite and bornite [1], and the ore has very little inclusion of iron
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