Abstract
Liquid nitrogen finds increased application as a coolant in various machining processes, due to its effectiveness in controlling the machining temperature and also in being a clean technology. EN31 is a difficult-to-cut material, and Sol-Gel (SG) alumina is a modern grinding wheel with self-sharpening characteristics. In this research, the influence of liquid nitrogen (LN2) as a cryogenic coolant, and its delivery pressure in terms of grinding forces and surface roughness, were analyzed. The experiment was conducted with conventional Al2O3 (aluminium oxide) and SG grinding wheels. The liquid nitrogen coolant was supplied at 3, 4, and 5 bar pressure. The liquid nitrogen produces a reduction of 24% and 16% grinding forces over dry and wet grinding. The surface roughness reduced by a maximum of 43% and 26% over dry and wet grinding. The SG wheel delivers the maximum reduction in the grinding forces and surface roughness, compared to the Al2O3 wheel. The experimental results show that the increased delivery pressure of the liquid nitrogen produced a reduction of 4–8% in the grinding forces, and 3–8% in the surface roughness.
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