Abstract
Co–Fe–Al catalysts prepared using coprecipitation at laboratory scale were investigated and extended to pilot scale for high-calorific synthetic natural gas. The Co–Fe–Al catalysts with different metal loadings were analyzed using BET, XRD, H2-TPR, and FT-IR. An increase in the metal loading of the Co–Fe–Al catalysts showed low spinel phase ratio, leading to an improvement in reducibility. Among the catalysts, 40CFAl catalyst prepared at laboratory scale afforded the highest C2–C4 hydrocarbon time yield, and this catalyst was successfully reproduced at the pilot scale. The pelletized catalyst prepared at pilot scale showed high CO conversion (87.6%), high light hydrocarbon selectivity (CH4 59.3% and C2–C4 18.8%), and low byproduct amounts (C5+: 4.1% and CO2: 17.8%) under optimum conditions (space velocity: 4000 mL/g/h, 350 °C, and 20 bar).
Highlights
Synthetic natural gas (SNG; CO + 3H2 = CH4 + H2 O), produced from coal and biomass, has received considerable attention as a substitute for fossil fuels, because it mainly consists of CH4, which emits the smallest amount of CO2 per energy unit among fossil fuels [1,2,3,4,5]
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG; C3 and C4 ) must be added to increase the heating value of SNG. This process is vulnerable to price fluctuations because the price of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) strongly depends on oil prices
Inui et al published the first study on the synthesis of high-calorific synthetic natural gas (HC-SNG) from a coke oven gas using a
Summary
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG; C3 and C4 ) must be added to increase the heating value of SNG. This process is vulnerable to price fluctuations because the price of LPG strongly depends on oil prices. To overcome the problems arising from the relatively low heating value, several researchers have proposed “high-calorific synthetic natural gas (HC-SNG)” obtained by producing C2 –C4 as well as CH4 using the Fischer–Tropsch (FT) reaction [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. Inui et al published the first study on the synthesis of HC-SNG from a coke oven gas using a
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