Abstract
As reliance on fossil fuel continued to rise, prices increased due to rapid deterioration in oil supplies and increased emissions, green energy sources such as alternative renewable fuels have been promoted. Biofuel is a compression ignition fuel substitute; It is also possible to enhance the CI biofuel-based engine's performance by transforming it into a low heat rejection engine (LHR). A CI engine's thermal efficiency can be improved with the LHR engine by reducing heat loss to the environment. In this investigation, a ceramic material (Partial Stabilized Zirconium) of approximately 0.5 mm was coated by the plasma spraying on piston crown.The effects of safflower methyl ester (SAME) in the LHR engine along with retarded timing (RT) is compared with the standard one engine in the present work. The results show that the LHR engine's Brake thermal efficiency was more than the standard one. The emission levels of CO and UBHC are lower on the LHR engine compared to the standard one.
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