Investigation of brain networks activity and their association with transfer of cognitive training gains

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundAge‐related cognitive decline increase the need for cognitive interventions to maintain cognitive function. Transfer of training gains to untrained tasks is a key indicator for the effectiveness of cognitive training. However, the underlying brain mechanisms need to be further investigated. We implemented a cognitive training study to assess functional connectivity determinants of transfer of training gains.MethodA sample of 181 healthy older adults (mean age: 68 years) underwent a 4‐week cognitive training across three sites. The control group consisted of 54 older adults. To evaluate transfer and training effects, participants underwent a neuropsychological assessment before and after the training. A second follow‐up assessment was applied 12 weeks after the training. The training group was divided in subjects who had and who did not have successful transfer, which was defined as higher improvement in cognitive tasks than the control group. We used cognitive scores representing working memory, verbal and visuospatial memory and executive functions. Baseline resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging was assessed in order to investigate the functional connectivity of brain networks associated with cognitive functions.ResultCognitive performance of the training group remained stable across time and did not show a significant improvement. Transfer of training gains directly after the training was limited. However, our participants were able to maintain gains 12 weeks after the training. We hypothesized a higher functional connectivity of brain networks, such as Default Mode Network or the Executive Network, to be associated with successful transfer of cognitive gains. Investigation of brain networks activity and the association with transfer of training gains is currently ongoing and complete results will be presented at the conference.ConclusionTransfer of training gains in aging is possible, but it remains limited. Cognitively healthy older adults might not have major benefits from a 4‐week cognitive training. Our results could help to identify healthy older adults who will most benefit from training and understand the brain mechanisms underlying transfer of cognitive gains.