Investigation of Bending Sensitivity in Partially Doped Core Fiber for Sensing Applications

Abstract

A fiber based high sensitive bend sensor is proposed and demonstrated using a uniquely designed partially doped core fiber (PDCF). The fabrication method of PDCF with two core regions, namely an undoped outer region with a diameter of ~ 9.5 μm encompassing a doped, inner core region with a diameter of 4.00 μm is explained. The mechanism of bending effect in proposed PDCF and the experimental setup for amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) based sensor and fiber laser based sensor is illustrated. For ASE sensor, the higher ASE power level loss as the spooling radius is reduced from 20 to 3 cm is measured. The gain peak shift to shorter wavelength with respect to the decrease of the spooling radius from 20 to 3 cm due to higher bending loss at smaller bending radius is observed. The results are in agreement with overlap factor variation of PDCF. As expected from ASE peaks variation, the fiber laser sensor spectral operation is changed from 1539 to 1530 nm range. This phenomenon is due to higher mode field diameter of longer wavelength and result of optical filtering at longer wavelengths. The experimental results showed the output of the ASE is also highly stable, with no observable variation in the power output over a measurement period of 1 h. The PDCF is also temperature insensitive.