Abstract
Cemented rock fill (CRF) is commonly used in cut-and-fill stoping operations in underground mining. This allows for the maximum recovery of ore. Backfilling can improve stope stability in underground workings and then improve ground stability of the whole mine site. However, backfilling step scenarios vary from site to site. This paper presents the investigation of five different backfilling step scenarios and their impacts on the stability of stopes at four different mining levels. A comprehensive comparison of displacements, major principal stress, and Stress Concentration Factor (SCF) was conducted. The results show that different backfilling step scenarios have little influence on the final displacement for displacement in the stopes. Among the five backfilling scenarios, the major principal stress and stress concentration factor (SCF) have almost the same final results. The backfilling scenario SCN-1 is the optimum option among these five backfilling scenarios. It can immediately prevent the increase of the displacement and reduce the sidewall stress concentration, thereby preventing possible failures. Using the same strength of CRF can achieve the same effects among the four mining levels. Applying backfilling CRF of the same strength at different mining depths is acceptable and feasible to improve the stability of the stopes.
Highlights
IntroductionIn many underground mines, cemented rockfill (CRF) as backfill material is common [1,2]
In the actual process of backfilling at the case study mine, there are some limitations in backfilling the stopes voids such as (i) the inability of stope being entirely backfilled without voids at the top of the stope voids, (ii) different cemented rockfill (CRF) mechanical properties at a different part of the backfill column caused by the non-uniform particle size distribution and the process of delivery and dumping, and (iii) the curing time [11] at each stope
Major principal stress, and stress concentration factor caused by the excavation, backfilling with CRF is an effective method to prevent possible failures and improve the safety of the underground mining stopes
Summary
In many underground mines, cemented rockfill (CRF) as backfill material is common [1,2]. Cemented rock fill (CRF) allows for the full recovery of an orebody while achieving global mine site stability [3,4,5,6]. Lingga [11,12,13] conducted detailed laboratory experiments, including compressive strength and stiffness and the shear properties, to achieve better ratios among the cement, water, and aggregate to get proper backfilled CRF. Studied the different mixtures of water, waste rock, binder, and their influences on CRF properties at different curing times, temperatures, and humidity to achieve a target strength at different mining stages.
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