INVESTIGATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF DECASAN CHLORHEXIDINE AND IODOPHORAM ON STANDARD MICROBIAL STRAINS

Abstract

The problem of treatment and prevention of infectious-inflammatory post extraction complications in modern surgical dentistry are still challenging, despite the great advances in this field. Many etiological factors are identified as contributing to the development of such complications, but at present scientists are paying much attention to the infectious factor, which is associated with the microflora of the tooth socket after tooth removal. According to the literature, the most common post-extraction complication during an outpatient surgical appointment is alveolitis, which accounts for 1-35% of all cases of tooth extraction. To combat an infectious etiological factor of alveolitis, dental surgeons apply topical antiseptics with a broad spectrum of action such as iodoform and chlorhexidine. As a topical antiseptic drug in the treatment and prevention of oral infectious and inflammatory complications, a domestic antiseptic, Decasan, based on decamethoxine, is becoming more widely applied. Previous studies have shown that this antiseptic has antimicrobial effect against gram-positive and gram-negative, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria; this requires further in-depth studies of its properties, which could be applied in the dental surgical practice to treat and prevent infectious-inflammatory post extraction complications. Chlorhexidine bigluconate is a cationic biguanide. Penetrating into the intracellular membranes of bacteria, it impedes the oxygen consumption and leads to the death of bacterial cells. This antiseptic is widely used in dental practice. Treatment of alveolitis is carried out by using the standard method, namely by using iodoform tamponade of the tooth socket in combination with other medicines. Iodoform (triiodomethane) is a yellow crystalline substance with a strong characteristic odor, practically insoluble in water. In dentistry, this drug is used as an antiseptic in powder form, or combined pastes. The purpose of this in vitro study is to investigate the antimicrobial properties of Decasan, chlorhexidine and iodoform against museum microbial strains. Materials and methods. Museum strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 14990, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Esherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, obtained from L.V. Gromashevsky Institute of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, were used as studied cultures of microorganisms. The antimicrobial effect of decasan, chlorhexidine and iodoform was assessed by quantitative method of serial dilutions in broth and agar according to the order №167, dated 5.04.2007 On approval of guidelines “Determination of sensitivity of microorganisms to antibacterial drugs". Conclusion. According to the data obtained, decasan and chlorhexidine demonstrate higher bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on the studied museum microbial strains at a concentration thousands of times lower than the concentration of iodoform.