Abstract
Trewiasine, a maytansinoid isolated from seed of Trewia nudiflora (Euphorbiaceae) was found to be highly toxic to both the adult striped cucumber beetle, Acalymma villatum (F.) and the larvae of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) Trewiasine was shown to have an LD50 of 0.006–0.007% at the 6th day after treatment of striped cucumber beetles. Antifeedant activity was exhibited against this insect when muskmelons in the greenhouse were protected from feeding for 10 days with a 0.1% treatment. One hundred percent mortality of C. pomonella larvae occurred when dosage levels as low as 0.32 ppm were incorporated into the diet. Growth was markedly affected at all doses tested. Exposure to the LD50 for 3 days on treated diet resulted in suppression of normal growth and development. Antifeedant activity against C. pomonella were also observed. However, changes in growth rates and even mortality were observed when low dosages of trewiasine were included in the larval diet. Topical application of trewiasine to 4th-instar larvae of C. pomonella caused both mortality and delayed maturity.
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