Abstract
Objective:The objective of the study was to explore the outbreak situation in terms of animal, place, and time towards minimizing the risk of animal infection at the source in future and subsequent spillover in human in the endemic rural settings.Methodology:An outbreak investigation team from the Department of Livestock Services visited in each of the outbreak sites to explore the event towards strengthening the control program in the future. Meat samples of the infected slaughtered animals were collected to confirm the causal agent of the animal outbreak using polychrome methylene blue microscopic examination technique. Participatory epidemiology tool such as semi-structured interview had been used in these investigations to realize the knowledge and practices of local people/cattle keepers on anthrax control and prevention in animal and human as well.Results:All identified affected human cases had been confirmed as a history of contact with the animal carcasses or handling/processing with infected meat. The level of awareness at the community level was not satisfactory for the prevention and control of anthrax at the source and further spillover in human. The infected slaughtered animals found to be in non-vaccinated status during the outbreak investigation and uncontrolled animal movement is considered to be responsible for new outbreaks in a vaccinated zone where enforcement of veterinary legislation is inadequate.Conclusion:A comprehensive preparedness and response strategy is to be obligatory for prevention, control and respond on anthrax in Bangladesh. Maximum vaccination coverage in the animal, increase community awareness of animal and human anthrax are also demanded for transmission of anthrax from animal to human.
Highlights
Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which can affect herbivores animals [1,2]
The infected slaughtered animals found to be in non-vaccinated status during the outbreak investigation and uncontrolled animal movement is considered to be responsible for new outbreaks in a vaccinated zone where enforcement of veterinary legislation is inadequate
We present in this paper the findings of an epidemiological investigation of anthrax outbreaks that took place at the human–animal interface in the remote areas of Bangladesh
Summary
Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which can affect herbivores animals [1,2]. Sporadic occurrence and epizootics of anthrax occur among livestock and wild herbivores in the United States, southern and eastern Europe, and Canada and outbreaks at the animal–human interface are reported from countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia [3,4,5,6,7,8]. In southern Asia, anthrax is considered to be highly enzootic in India and Bangladesh and continual outbreaks occur in both animals and humans [3,5,9]. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2018; 5(4):397404
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
