Investigation of anatomical signs of canadian goldenrod herbs, introduced in Ukraine

Abstract

The monograph «Goldenrod» SPhU 2.0 describes the general morphological and anatomical features of two species – Solidago gigantea Ait and Solidago canadensis L., which are similar. Not all diagnostic signs can be identified in powdered raw materials. It was important to investigate domestic series of сanadian goldenrod and to identify additional diagnostic signs.
 The aim of the work was to study the series of domestic raw materials of сanadian goldenrod by anatomical features and to determine the totality of individual features of the species to establish the identity of raw materials.
 The object of the study were samples of сanadian goldenrod grass, which were harvested in August 2020 in the regions of Ukraine. We used an iPhone XR camera, Item PB-2610 V microscope.
 Important features of the anatomical structure of the raw material of сanadian goldenrod include: the cells of the stem epidermis are parenchymal, ortho-walled, porous, the leaves – sinuous- and ortho-walled. The presence in the pubescence of stems and leaves 3 types of hairs: simple long, 5–8-celled (up to 20), with thickened walls and pointed cell; short, 2–3-celled, with a dormant apical cell; short and headed with a 2–3-celled stalk and a rounded unicellular head; on the surface and edge of the leaves of the involucre – simple short and 3–4-cell hairs, corollas of flowers – multicellular double-row hairs; stem vessels are spiral, ladder, porous and reticulate; schizogenous structures in the stems, leaves and leaves of the involucre; sphenocrystals of inulin in the parenchyma and vessels of the stem, the cells of the corollas of flowers.
 A series of domestic raw materials of сanadian goldenrod has been studied according to anatomical features, a set of individual features of the species has been determined. The obtained results can be used in plant taxonomy for comparative analysis of morphologically similar species of the genus Zolotushnik, as well as to supplement the section «Identification B» of the monograph SPhU 2.0 «Zolotushnik».