Investigation of a Perovskite Solar Cell and Various Parameters Impact on Its Layers and the Effect of Interface Modification by Using P3HT as an Ultrathin Polymeric Layer Through SCAPS-1D Simulation

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Recently, renewable energy sources such as solar energy have gained much attention for electricity generation because of their easy access and infinite resources. Solar cells are a good choice for this goal. Among the various solar cells that have already been studied, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently is interested in researchers due to their tremendous improvement in system performance and efficiency. This type of solar cell is divided into several layers, each of which has its role in the structure of the cell. Front Contact/Electron transporting material/Absorbent (perovskite)/Hole transporting layer/Back Contact. The overall structure of these cells has shown a maximum efficiency of about 22% which is good efficiency for solar cells. However, this type of solar cell suffers from stability problems, especially at the junction point between the HTM and the perovskite (absorber) layer, despite its cost-effectiveness advantages. To solve this problem, recent studies have been transferred to a study called interface engineering. In this study, the mentioned interfaces are modified by some materials that have regular and stable structures such as polymers. Many polymeric modifiers have been studied in recent years. Among them, P3HT (Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)) has provided the best results. In this paper, first, the effect of different layer properties such as their thickness and charge carrier density were investigated and optimal parameters were obtained for each one using SCAPS-1D (Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator) software. Then we simulated the structure of a perovskite solar cell using a polymeric modifier in its structure. The results showed that by adding an ultrathin polymeric film as an interface between HTM and perovskite, the performance of the device was improved and its efficiency was enhanced. The final efficiency of the device with the optimal parameters was obtained about 26.5%.